Hermes kirjoitti:Minulle taas tuo sana [...]
Helmenkalastaja kirjoitti:Iter ter tarkoittaa: sama annos kertaa kolme.
Psykopatologia kirjoitti:13:55
Sivistys on länsimaisen kulttuurin ruumiillistuma. Aiemmin se on ollut suunnilleen sama kuin ylioppilaan sivistys(taso) (tai hieman vähemmän).
Nykyään "normaaliin" sivistystasoon pääsee, kun pitää korvat ja silmät auki. Wikipediassa on se hyvä puoli, että se antaa tietoa myös ns. populaarikulttuurista, mikä sekin kuuluu sivistykseen (esimerkiksi täällä iskelmäkilpailut).




Socrates: How then may we devise one of those needful falsehoods of which we lately spoke -- just one royal lie which may deceive the (present) rulers, if that be possible, and at any rate the rest of the city?
Glaucon: What sort of a lie?
Socrates: Nothing new: only an old Phoenician tale of what has often occurred before now in other places (as the poets say, and have made the world believe) though not in our time, and I do not know whether such an event could ever happen again, or could now even be made probable if it did.
Glaucon: How your words seem to hesitate on your lips!
Socrates: You will not wonder at my hesitations when you have heard.
Glaucon: Speak, and fear not.
Socrates: Well then, I will speak, although I really know not how to look you in the face, or in what words to utter the audacious fiction, which I propose to communicate gradually, first to the rulers then to the soldiers, and lastly to the people. They are to be told that their youth was a dream, and the education and training which they received from us, an appearance only; in reality during all that time they were being formed and fed in the wind of the earth where themselves . . . were manufactured; when they were completed, the earth, their mother sent them up; and so, their country being their mother and also their nurse, they are bound to advise for her good, and to defend her against attacks. . . .
Glaucon: You had good reason to be ashamed of the lie which you were going to tell.
Socrates: True, but there is more coming; I have only told you half. "Citizens", we shall say to them in our tale, "you are bothers, yet God has framed you differently. Some of you have the power of command, in the composition of these he has mingled gold, wherefore they also the greatest honour; others he has made of silver to be auxiliaries; others again who to be husbandmen and craftsmen he has composed of brass and iron; and the species will generally be preserved in children. But as all are of the same original stock, a golden parent will sometimes have a silver son, or a silver parent a golden son. And God proclaims as a first principle to the rulers, that above all else, there is nothing which they should so anxiously guard . . . as . . . the purity of the race. They should observe what elements mingle in their offspring; for if the son of a golden or silver parent has an admixture of brass and iron, then nature orders a transposition of ranks. . . . For an oracle says that when a man of brass or iron guards the state, it will be destroyed." Such is the tale; is there any possibility of making our citizens believe it?
Glaucon: Not in the present generation . . . but their sons may be made to believe in the tale, and their sons' sons, and posterity after them.
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